Which anatomical structure does an orthotic typically target to correct overpronation?

An orthotic targeting overpronation primarily focuses on the subtalar joint, which plays a crucial role in the motion of the foot and ankle during walking and running. The subtalar joint allows for the inversion and eversion of the foot, affecting how weight is distributed across the foot's arch during movement.

Overpronation, where the foot rolls inward excessively during walking or running, can lead to various musculoskeletal issues, including pain in the knees, ankles, and even the hips. By supporting and positioning the subtalar joint through an orthotic device, it can help maintain proper alignment and control excessive pronation, thereby enhancing stability and reducing strain on the lower extremities.

The calcaneus, while an important bone in the structure of the foot, does not directly account for the movements involved in overpronation. The metatarsals and proximal phalanges also do not play a direct role in correcting overpronation; rather, they are involved in weight distribution and the mechanics of the toes during the gait cycle. Thus, focusing on the subtalar joint is crucial for addressing the mechanics of overpronation effectively.